After specialising in Mathematics in Zaragoza, he entered the Court of Carlos IV as a page. He studied Drawing and Painting with Vicente López. In 1822, he graduated as an assistant of the School of Civil Engineers. From 1826 to 1827 he directed a glass factory in Aranjuez and designed the plan of Riotinto mines. During the academic year 1939-40 he was a Professor of Physics in the Conservatoire of Arts and taught Applied Mechanics and Working.
Joaquín Ezquerra published many works on Geology and mineralogical studies such as Indicaciones geognósticas sobre las formaciones terciarias del centro de España, Datos sobre la estadística minera de España en 1839, Geología. Nieves perpetuas y bloques erráticos, Sobre el carbón de piedra de Castilla la Vieja, Sobre la producción de metales preciosos, Memoria sobre las minas nacionales de Riotinto, etc. He also wrote Pasatiempos literarios (1856), Parangón entre el esclavo y el propietario libre en el siglo XIX (1856) and Viaje por el norte de Europa hasta Suecia y Noruega (1857).
He was a member of the Academy of Sciences, the Economical Society of Baden Duchy and the Geological Societies of Paris and London. He was a knight commander of the Order of Carlos III.